Proofreading is the process of reading a piece of written work, checking for and marking on the text any errors relating to spelling, grammar, punctuation and consistency. It is usually the final stage of error elimination prior to publication of the text.
A proofreader will meticulously read through the text looking for errors and will make changes where things are wrong. They will know there is an error as it can be substantiated via the details (or rules) in the brief that they were given, from a particular style guide, the dictionary, grammar book or a reliable online source.
Many people confuse proofreading with copyediting. They are two very separate roles, but the lines can be blurred. In traditional publishing, the proofreading stage comes after copyediting and is considered to be the last step before publication when the text is in layout. A proofreader helps to ensure the text is ready for publication, checking for any remaining errors and giving it that “final polish”. A proofreader will not rewrite sentences, make large structural or developmental interventions with the text or fact check (but will fact check where the factual error seems to be the result of a typographical error). This is the copyeditor’s job, although a proofreader will raise queries about anything they do find. Their primary job is highlighting potential mistakes and letting the writer or editor make the final decision.
Here at Eye For Detail Proofreading, the proofreading and editing services that I offer involve proofreading as described above, with light editing. Light editing will not involve making significant amendments to the content and structure of your text, for that you need the input of a copy editor, but I am more than happy to point out anything that I do see.